Question                                                                        ::Answer
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What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?                                    ::The components of a DNA nucleotide are deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and one of the organic bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine.
What are the components of an RNA nucleotide?                                   ::The components of an RNA nucleotide are ribose, a phosphate group, and one of the organic bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, or uracil.
How do nucleotides join together?                                               ::Nucleotides join together by phosphodiester bonds formed in condensation reactions.
What is the genetic code?                                                       ::The genetic code is the order of bases on DNA, consisting of triplets of bases, with each triplet coding for a particular amino acid known as a codon.
What is the structure of a DNA molecule?                                        ::A DNA molecule is a double helix composed of two polynucleotides joined together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.
What is the difference between introns and exons?                               ::The non-coding sections of DNA are called introns, while the coding regions are called exons.
What is the degeneracy of the genetic code?                                     ::The genetic code is degenerate, meaning that more than one triplet codes for the same amino acid, reducing the number of mutations.
What are the effects of mutations in the base sequence of DNA?                  ::A change in the base sequence of DNA alters the amino acid sequence and the protein, which can have various effects. Some mutations are harmful, such as those leading to cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia.
Where are DNA molecules found in eukaryotic cells?                              ::In eukaryotic cells, DNA molecules are found in the nucleus and are long and linear.

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